论文标题：Long-term impact of trade liberalization on human capital formation

　　发表时间：2019

　　论文所有作者：Li Jie

　　期刊名及所属分类：Journal of Comparative Economics(国际A-)

　　英文摘要：While a growing line of research has assessed the effect of trade liberalization on human capital formation, most of these studies focus on its short-term effect on individual’s school attendance. Much less is known about its long-run effect, as well as the impact on other aspects of human capital formation such as labor market and noncognitive outcomes. This paper studies the impact of trade liberalization on individuals’ long-term human capital accumulation, including school attendance, cognitive abilities, labor market performance, and noncognitive outcomes. By constructing prefecture-year-level tariff barriers, our identification strategy exploits variations in different cohorts’ exposure to a trade shock at age 16 for individuals within the same prefecture. Empirical results suggest that trade liberalization leads to decreased completed years of schooling, cognitive abilities, wage, and noncognitive outcomes. We provide suggestive evidence that this observed pattern is explained by the expansion of job opportunities in relatively low-skilled and labor-intensive sectors.

　　中文摘要：虽然越来越多的研究评估了贸易自由化对人力资本形成的影响，但这些研究大多集中于其对个人上学率的短期影响。人们对其长期效应以及对人力资本形成的其他方面(如劳动力市场和非认知结果)的影响所知甚少。本文研究贸易自由化对个人长期人力资本积累的影响，包括学校出勤率、认知能力、劳动力市场绩效和非认知结果。通过构建地区级的关税壁垒，我们的识别策略利用了同一地区不同队列的个体在16岁时遭受贸易冲击的差异。实证结果表明，贸易自由化导致完成教育年限、认知能力、工资和非认知结果的减少。我们提供的证据表明，这种观察到的模式可以用相对低技能和劳动密集型部门的就业机会扩大来解释。